Kaiwhakapakari Pūnaha Kōhinu Matatau - Whakamaru Whakapakari mō ngā Pūnaha Kōhinu Hōpūrangi Kua Whanaketia

Ko te kikokiko o te mātai pātana kua whakawhanuitia e te hangarau whakamarie e tiaki ana i te kore e mau, e whakamahi ana i te karapoti ā-mahi o ngā kaiwhakarereke pāpaku me ngā kaihāpai pātana ā-rohe i hangaia motuhake mō ngā whakamahinga pūnaha pātana. Ko tēnei hangarau matatau e hanga ana i te papa here i te rāwekenga molekīni ki ngā mata metara e taea ai te tino pēhi me te wera e pā ana ki ngā pūnaha pātana tōkaha āhuatanga o nāianei. Arataki i te mātai noa, ko te mātai pātana e whakauru ana i ngā kohinga motuhake zinc me phosphorus e hanga ana i ngā hononga kimihana ki ngā mata metara, e waihangatia ana i te papa tiaki kua tū ake hoki i ngā tikanga whakahaere pīroiroi. Ka nui te take o te hangarau tiaki kore e mau ki te tiaki i ngā wāhanga pūmātai pātana e mahi ana i ngā tikanga pēhi tōkaha, i reira e kore ngā tikanga pātana tūmatanui e tuku ana i te tiaki tika. Ka taea e te hanganga molekīni o ēnei kaihāpai tiaki te noho pūmau i te whakapā atu ki ngā momo pātana rerekē, tae atu ki ngā karapoti ethanol pīroiroi me ngā pātana tōkaha i te sulfur e taea ai te whakaroa i ngā mātai pātana iti ake. Ko ngā raraunga whakamātautau e whakaatu ana ko ngā pūnaha pātana i tiakina e tēnei hangarau tiaki kore e mau e kitea ana he itinga 75% i te tere kore e mau o ngā wāhanga mō ngā pūnaha kāore i te tiakina e mahi ana i ngā tikanga tōtahi. Ko te hangarau e tiaki ana hoki i te pānga kōkirikiri ki ngā pūmātai pātana, he aronga hinga noa i te wā e pā ana ngā pāpāhu waiū ka pā atu ki ngā mata metara. Mā te pupuri i te papa tiaki tōtahi, ka aukatia e te hangarau tiaki kore e mau i te pānga mataiti e hui haere ana i te wā ka mātai ai te hinga o te wāhanga. Ka torotoro tēnei tiaki ki ngā mata kua whakapūmau ki ngā pūtātara pātana, i reira e taea ana te kore e mau iti e huri ana i ngā tauānga pāpāhu me te heke i te uara o te pātana. Ka kitea ngā painga roa-roa o tēnei hangarau tiaki kore e mau i te heke i ngā utu tiaki, te whakapai ake i te whakapono o te pūnaha, me te roa ake i te wā o te ratonga wāhanga e tuku ana i ngā painga ōhaoha nui mō ngā kaitiaki waka takitahi me ngā whakahaere rōpū nui.

Ko te āhua tino mahana me te āhua kimikimi o te mātai whakapaukanga kua rite hei whakawhitinga hangarau matua nui e āki ai te mahi tūturu i ngā tikanga pōrite katoa e kitea ana i ngā papahiko whakapaukanga hou. Ko te āhua nei ka hua mai i tētahi kimiorahi paraihe paraihe kua kōwhiria tūturu i te wā e hāngai ana ki ngā kai whakapai aunoa tino matua e āki ana i te whakapiri me te pakaru mahana i ngā wāhi e neke ake ana i te 200 nekenga Celsius. Ka nui ake te takotoranga kimikimi ina pā ana te mātai ki ngā momo kai whakapai, ngā paraire kirihiko, me ngā hua tuarangi o te parauri e taea ai e ngā mātai noa te pakaru tere. I te wehenga atu i ngā mātai noa e taea ai te hanga i ngā taonga kino, i ngā taputapu ranei e ngaro ana i ō rātou ahuatanga tiaki ina pā ana ki ngā tikanga papahiko, ko te mātai papahiko e tiaki tonu ana i tōna ahua molekīni me te whakarato i te tiaki tūturu i te roanga o ngā wā tūmatanui. Kāti ana te āhua mahana i te hanga o ngā taonga karboni me te varnish e taea ana te huihui ki ngā wāhanga matua o te papahiko whakapaukanga, e pupuri ana i ngā mata waho kia ma, e āki ana i te rere tino pai o te koro, me te mahi tika o te whakauru. Ko te āhua hoki e āki ana i ngā ahuatanga uira tūturu i tētahi tauwātea nui o te mahana, mai i ngā timatanga makariri heke iho ki te mataora, ki ngā mahi raumati hāngai, e wehe ana i ngā panonitanga mahi e taea ana e ngā mātai e kore ana e āki ana i te āhua mahana. Whakaatu ana ngā whakamātautau whakawhanaketanga kimikimi ko te mātai papahiko e pupuri ana i te pānuitanga o te 90% atu anō o ōna ahuatanga tiaki tuatahi i muri i te 1000 haora o te pānga ki ngā mahana hāngai i te ao o ngā koro hāpoi me ngā tikanga oxidizing. Ko te āhua tino pai nei ka hua mai ko te mahi tūturu i te roanga o ngā wā tūmatanui, e iti ake ai te maha o ngā panonitanga mātai, e iti ake ai hoki ngā herekoreti tiaki i te papahiko i te wa e pupuri ana i ngā rārangi tiaki tino pai i te roanga o te ora tūmatanui.

Ko ngā pūkenga whakahaere taunga o te karuahi pūnaha kawe waka e tuku ana i te uara nui rawa atu mā te whakamahi i ngā hangarau horoi ake me ngā hangarau totohu e manaaki haumanu ana i te parakore o te pūnaha kawe waka, i te aukati hoki i te hanganga o ngā taunga kino e taea ai te whakaroa i te mahi o te pūnaha. Ko ēnei mōhini horoi motuhake e mahi tonu ana ki te wareware i ngā taunga e noho ana, me te aukati i ngā taunga hou mai ki ngā mata matua pērā i ngā taputapu inikita, ngā waeora pūmua, me ngā waeora roto o ngā ara kawe waka. Ko te pakete horoi e whai ana i ngā rāwekenga kāore he ahi me ngā rāwekenga iti-kā e tuku ana i te mahi horoi kaha engari kāore i tā i ngā taunga tuarangi e taea ai te whakaroa i ngā taputapu maroke o te pūnaha kawe waka. He tino māia tēnei hangarau horoi ki te aukati i ngā taunga karboni me ngā waihanga kawe waka e hui haere ana ki ngā wāhi umukati teitei o te pūnaha kawe waka i te wā hirotatanga. Ko ngā taputapu totohu e mahi tahi ana me ngā horoi kia pupuri i ngā pouri kua warewaretia e noho ana ki roto i te karuahi pūnaha kawe waka, kia kaua ai rātou e noho pakuake me te hanga i ngā taunga hou ki ngā mata parakore. He matua herekia tēnei mahi totohu ki te pupuri i te parakore o te pūnaha mō te wā roa, nā te mea ka aukati i te hoki anō o ngā pouri i tango ai i ngā mata o te pūnaha. I whakaatu ngā whakamātautau paraumu ko ngā pūnaha kawe waka i whakaurua ki te karuahi pūnaha kawe waka e manawataki ana i te 95 ōrau, te kaha o te rere tōnu, i muri i te 50,000 maero mahi, i te tuarangi ki ngā pūnaha kāore i te whakaurua e hāngai ana ki te 15-20 ōrau itinga o te rere, nā te hui haerenga o ngā taunga. Ka torotoro te mahi horoi ki roto o ngā waeora pūmua, kei reira ka hua ai te wearenga māmā, me te iti ake o te kiko o te pūmua, ā, ka mutu ki te iti ake o te tōmai waka, me ngā panoni i te wā o te inikita. Ko te horoi inikita tētahi o ngā painga ataahua rawa, nā te mea ka tango te karuahi i ngā taunga itiiti e taea ai te panonitanga i ngā tauwāhi pāpā me te iti ake o te kounga o te wehe waka. Ka piki ake te wehe waka ka piki ake te kiko o te pāmahana, ka iti ake ngā putanga, me te pai ake o te mahi o te mōhinī. Ko te hangarau whakahaere taunga hoki e aukati ana i te hanganga o te varnish kawe waka, tētahi waihanga pāpaku e taea ai te pāpaku, te pakaru rānei i ngā taputapu o te pūnaha kawe waka. Ko te whakamahi tōaitanga i te karuahi pūnaha kawe waka e whai ana i te whakahaere taunga matatau e pupuri ana i te parakore o te pūnaha kawe waka e rite ana ki te tikanga o te taputapu hou, e piki ake ana i te kiko, te whakapono hoki i te wāhi katoa o te wāhi mahi, ā, e iti ake ana i te hiahia ki ngā tikanga horoi tāpiri, ki ngā utu rānei mō ngā taputapu.